Hipertensión arterial pulmonar secundaria a tromboembolismo crónico como causa de disnea: a propósito de un caso / Pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to chronic thromboembolism as a cause of dyspnea: a case report

El tromboembolismo pulmonar es una patología relativamente frecuente y su diagnóstico sigue siendo hoy en día un grave problema en la práctica clínica diaria. Para realizarlo se combinan habitualmente la sospecha clínica con pruebas de imagen, como la gammagrafía de ventilación/perfusión, la tomografía computarizada y, en ocasiones, la angiografía. En el tromboembolismo agudo, la frecuencia de hipertensión pulmonar es elevada, mientras que un porcentaje mucho menor desarrolla hipertensión arterial pulmonar crónica. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 81 años con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y cardiopatía hipertensiva que tras un episodio de sensación de fatiga y disnea intensa y de la realización de las pruebas complementarias pertinentes fue diagnosticada de hipertensión arterial pulmonar crónica secundaria a tromboembolismo pulmonar. Estos enfermos habitualmente presentan un curso de deterioro progresivo y un pronóstico muy pobre a corto plazo (AU)

Pulmonary embolism is a relatively frequent disease and its diagnosis continues to be a serious problem in the daily clinical practice. For its diagnosis, clinical suspicion is usually combined with other imaging tests, such as ventilation/perfusion lung scan, computed tomography (CT) and sometimes angiography. In acute thromboembolism, frequency of pulmonary hypertension is elevated while a much lower percentage develops chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension. We present the case of an 81-year-old woman with a background of arterial hypertension and hypertensive heart disease, who, after an episode of intense fatigue and breathlessness, and carrying out the pertinent complementary tests, was diagnosed of pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. These patients usually follow a course of progressive deterioration and have a poor short-term prognosis (AU)

Hipertensión arterial pulmonar secundaria a tromboembolismo crónico como causa de disnea: a propósito de un caso / Pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to chronic thromboembolism as a cause of dyspnea: A case report

El tromboembolismo pulmonar es una patología relativamente frecuente y su diagnóstico sigue siendo hoy en día un grave problema en la práctica clínica diaria. Para realizarlo se combinan habitualmente la sospecha clínica con pruebas de imagen, como la gammagrafía de ventilación/perfusión, la tomografía computarizada y, en ocasiones, la angiografía. En el tromboembolismo agudo, la frecuencia de hipertensión pulmonar es elevada, mientras que un porcentaje mucho menor desarrolla hipertensión arterial pulmonar crónica. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 81 años con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y cardiopatía hipertensiva que tras un episodio de sensación de fatiga y disnea intensa y de la realización de las pruebas complementarias pertinentes fue diagnosticada de hipertensión arterial pulmonar crónica secundaria a tromboembolismo pulmonar. Estos enfermos habitualmente presentan un curso de deterioro progresivo y un pronóstico muy pobre a corto plazo (AU)

Pulmonary embolism is a relatively frequent disease and its diagnosis continues to be a serious problem in the daily clinical practice. For its diagnosis, clinical suspicion is usually combined with other imaging tests, such as ventilation/perfusion lung scan, computed tomography (CT) and sometimes angiography. In acute thromboembolism, frequency of pulmonary hypertension is elevated while a much lower percentage develops chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension. We present the case of an 81-year-old woman with a background of arterial hypertension and hypertensive heart disease, who, after an episode of intense fatigue and breathlessness, and carrying out the pertinent complementary tests, was diagnosed of pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. These patients usually follow a course of progressive deterioration and have a poor short-term prognosis (AU)

Hallazgo con gammagrafía con citrato de galio-67 de enfermedad de Paget en mujer con linfoma gástrico / Finding with scintigraphy with 67-gallium citrate of Paget’s disease in a woman with gastric lymphoma

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Gammagrafía ósea en la valoración de la enfermedad de Paget monostótica / Bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of monostotic Paget’s disease

Analizamos la utilidad de la gammagrafía ósea (GO) en el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Paget monostótica. Se realizó GO a 16 pacientes con enfermedad de Paget monostótica entre los años 2003 y 2004, realizando posteriormente radiografía simple a 8 pacientes y tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) a uno. Se estudiaron 16 pacientes con sospecha clínica y/o analítica de enfermedad de Paget. Ocho pacientes estaban asintomáticos, mientras que tres presentaron dolor e impotencia funcional. Tres pacientes refirieron únicamente dolor, y los restantes mostraban deformidades. Nuestra casuística mostró afectación monostótica en un 15% de las GO solicitadas para el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Paget. La afectación ósea más frecuente fue el fémur (37,5%). La GO fue el único estudio de imagen realizado en 7 casos, siendo en 4 la primera técnica solicitada para el diagnóstico. La GO fue una técnica útil para confirmar el diagnóstico y establecer la extensión de la enfermedad, por lo que puede ser solicitada de modo rutinario en la clínica diaria

We analyze the utility of the bone scintigraphy (BS) to diagnose monostotic Paget's disease. BS was used in 16 patients suffering monostotic Paget's disease during the years 2003 and 2004. After that 8 patients were examined with a simple X-ray and 1 with CT scan. Sixteen patients suspected of suffering monostotic Paget's disease from a clinical and/or analytical point of view were studied. Eight patients had no symptoms and 3 others had pain and functional impotence. Three patients reported only pain and the rest of the patients had deformities. Our casuistry showed that about 15% of the BS requested to diagnose the Paget's disease were monostotic. The most frequent bone affected was the femur (37.5%). BS was the only image study made in 7 cases, this being the first technique requested for the diagnosis of 4 of them. The BS was a useful technique to confirm the correct diagnosis and to know the extension of the illness, so it can be requested in the routine daily clinical practice

[CA125 cytosolic levels in lung adenocarcinomas. New biological aspects]. / El CA125 citosólico en adenocarcinomas pulmonares. Nuevos aspectos biológicos.

INTRODUCTION: CA125 is a useful serum tumor marker in patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer, but there may be high serum levels in other malignant tumors, among them the non-small cell lung cancers. We decided to study the cytosolic levels of CA125 in lung adenocarcinomas and compare them with pS2, CD44s, CD44v5 and CD44v6, all of them with biological interest in this subtype of lung carcinomas. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group included 55 patients (33 males) having lung adenocarcinomas. CA125 and cytostolic pS2 were measured by both IRMAS methods (CIS. Biointernational. France). The concentrations of CD44 standard (CD44s), CD44v5 and CD44v6 on cell surfaces were dosed by EIAS (Bender Diagnostics. Austria). Clinical stage, ploidy and S-phase cellular fraction were also taken into account. RESULTS: In the 55 lung adenocarcinomas, cytosolic CA125 levels ranged between 1 and 225 U/mg prot. (median 80.5) and were higher (p:0.002) than those observed in 16 normal lung tissues from the same patients (r: 1-32.5; median 6.7 U/mg prot.). When the 25th (7.2 U/mg prot.) and 75th (320 U/mg prot.) percentiles were used as clinical cut-offs, we found that the cases with high antigenic levels showed a greater positivity for CD44v6 (p:0.002) and a reduced positivity for CD44 standard (p:0.053). Likewise, they showed a tendency towards being pS2 + (p:0.09) more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Our results lead us to draw the following conclusions: 1) Cytosolic CA125 levels in lung adenocarcinomas were higher than those observed in normal tissues from the same patients. 2) Lung adenocarcinomas with high cytosolic CA125 concentrations had a greater positivity for CD44v6, a reduced positivity for CD44s and were more frequently pS2 +. These associations support the usefulness of the cytosolic CA125 levels as an indicator of poor outcome in this subtype of lung carcinomas.

El CA125 citosólico en adenocarcinomas pulmonares. Nuevos aspectos biológicos / CA125 Cytosolic levels in lung adenocarcinomas. New biological aspects

Introducción: El CA125 sérico es útil marcador de los carcinomas no mucinosos de ovario, pero puede incrementarse en otros tumores, entre los cuales están los no microcíticos de pulmón. Nosotros hemos querido estudiar, en adenocarcinomas pulmonares, su concentración citosólicas y correlacionarlas con la pS2, CD44s, CD44v5 y CD44v6, todas ellas con interés fisiopatológico en aquellos tumores. Pacientes y mótodos: El grupo estudio incluyó 55 pacientes (33 varones) afectos de adenocarcinomas pulmonares.El CA125 y la pS2 citosólicos fueron determinados mediante sendos IRMAS (CIS. Biointernational.Francia), mientras que las concentraciones de CD44s, CD44v5 y CD44v6 en las membranas celulares fueron dosificadas mediante EIAS (Bender Diagnostics. Austria). Otros parámetros considerados fueron el estadio clínico, ploidía y la fase de síntesis celular. Resultados: Las concentraciones citosólicas de CA125 oscilaron entre 1 y 225 U/mg prot. (mediana 80.5) y fueron superiores (p: 0,002) a las observadas en 16 muestras de tejido pulmonar normal de los mismos pacientes (i:1-32,5; mediana 6,7 U/mg prot.). Cuando los adenocarcinomas fueron clasificados en función de la concentración de CA125, tomando como dinteles los percentiles 25 (7,2 U/mg prot.) y 75 (320 U/mg prot.), pudimos observar que los tumores con altos valores antigénicos mostraron mayor positividad para el CD44v6 (p: 0,002) y menor para el CD44s (p: 0,053); asimismo, tuvieron tendencia a ser más frecuentemente pS2 + (p: 0,09). Conclusiones: Los resultados anteriores nos inducen a las siguientes consideraciones: 1) en los adenocarcinomas pulmonares las concentraciones citosólicas de CA125 son superiores a las constatadas en el tejido pulmonar normal de los mismos pacientes; 2) los adenocarcinomas pulmonares con altas concentraciones de CA125 presentan una mayor positividad para el CD44v6 y menor para el CD44s, mostrando, además, una tendencia a ser más frecuentemente pS2 +. Todo ello apoya su interés como indicador de un peor pronóstico en este subtipo histológico pulmonar

Introduction: CA125 is a useful serum tumor marker in patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer, but there may be high serum levels in other malignant tumors, among them the non-small cell lung cancers. We decided to study the cytosolic levels of CA125 in lung adenocarcinomas and compare them with pS2, CD44s, CD44v5 and CD44v6, all of them with biological interest in this subtype of lung carcinomas. Subjects and methods: The study group included 55 patients (33 males) having lung adenocarcinomas. CA125 and cytostolic pS2 were measured by both IRMAS methods (CIS. Biointernational. France). The concentrations of CD44 standard (CD44s), CD44v5 and CD44v6 on cell surfaces were dosed by EIAS (Bender Diagnostics. Austria). Clinical stage, ploidy and S-phase cellular fraction were also taken into account. Results: In the 55 lung adenocarcinomas, cytosolic CA125 levels ranged between 1 and 225 U/mg prot. (median 80.5) and were higher (p:0.002) than those observed in 16 normal lung tissues from the same patients (r: 1-32.5; median 6.7 U/mg prot.). When the 25th (7.2 U/mg prot.) and 75th (320 U/mg prot.) percentiles were used as clinical cut-offs, we found that the cases with high antigenic levels showed a greater positivity for CD44v6 (p:0.002) and a reduced positivity for CD44 standard (p:0.053). Likewise, they showed a tendency towards being pS2 + (p:0.09) more frequently. Conclusions: Our results lead us to draw the following conclusions: 1) Cytosolic CA125 levels in lung adenocarcinomas were higher than those observed in normal tissues from the same patients. 2) Lung adenocarcinomas with high cytosolic CA125 concentrations had a greater positivity for CD44v6, a reduced positivity for CD44s and were more frequently pS2 +. These associations support the usefulness of the cytosolic CA125 levels as an indicator of poor outcome in this subtype of lung carcinomasIntroduction: CA125 is a useful serum tumor marker in patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer, but there may be high serum levels in other malignant tumors, among them the non-small cell lung cancers. We decided to study the cytosolic levels of CA125 in lung adenocarcinomas and compare them with pS2, CD44s, CD44v5 and CD44v6, all of them with biological interest in this subtype of lung carcinomas. Subjects and methods: The study group included 55 patients (33 males) having lung adenocarcinomas. CA125 and cytostolic pS2 were measured by both IRMAS methods (CIS. Biointernational. France). The concentrations of CD44 standard (CD44s), CD44v5 and CD44v6 on cell surfaces were dosed by EIAS (Bender Diagnostics. Austria). Clinical stage, ploidy and S-phase cellular fraction were also taken into account. Results: In the 55 lung adenocarcinomas, cytosolic CA125 levels ranged between 1 and 225 U/mg prot. (median 80.5) and were higher (p:0.002) than those observed in 16 normal lung tissues from the same patients (r: 1-32.5; median 6.7 U/mg prot.). When the 25th (7.2 U/mg prot.) and 75th (320 U/mg prot.) percentiles were used as clinical cut-offs, we found that the cases with high antigenic levels showed a greater positivity for CD44v6 (p:0.002) and a reduced positivity for CD44 standard (p:0.053). Likewise, they showed a tendency towards being pS2 + (p:0.09) more frequently. Conclusions: Our results lead us to draw the following conclusions: 1) Cytosolic CA125 levels in lung adenocarcinomas were higher than those observed in normal tissues from the same patients. 2) Lung adenocarcinomas with high cytosolic CA125 concentrations had a greater positivity for CD44v6, a reduced positivity for CD44s and were more frequently pS2 +. These associations support the usefulness of the cytosolic CA125 levels as an indicator of poor outcome in this subtype of lung carcinomas

La gammagrafía ósea en el granuloma eosinófilo / Bone scintigraphy of eosinophilic granuloma

- Propósito: La histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es una enfermedad rara, que clínicamente se presenta con un espectro muy amplio. Destacamos el manejo diagnóstico de la HCL con estudios gammagráficos, que son casi patognomónicos.- Material y métodos: En este trabajo presentamos un caso de granuloma eosinófilo con una imagen típica en la gammagrafía ósea, lesión única hipercaptante en 5º arco costal.- Conclusiones: La gammagrafía ósea es útil en el diagnóstico de HCL y en el manejo de dichos pacientes (AU)

La expresión de CD44v6 en carcinomas mamarios RE+ y RP+. Resultados preliminares / CD44v6 expression in ER+ and PgR+ breast carcinomas. First results

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El CA125 citosólico en carcinomas escamosos de pulmón / Cytosolic CA125 in lung squamous cell carcinomas

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